Vietnam

Vietnam does not produce foie gras domestically. Duck and goose liver products are imported, so the scale of consumption must be deduced from trade statistics and industry reports. A French animal‑welfare NGO that monitors global foie gras trade reported that Southeast Asian nations imported relatively small quantities of foie gras in 2019; Thailand imported 92 tonnes, Singapore 59 tonnes, the Philippines 49 tonnes, Vietnam 44 tonnes, and South Korea 17 tonnes[1]. This figure likely includes prepared duck and goose livers as well as whole livers and indicates that Vietnam’s annual consumption is modest compared with European markets. Official customs data lump foie gras into broader categories. The UN Comtrade‑based WTO dataset shows that Vietnam imported 1.43 million kg of HS 160239 (“preparations of poultry”) in 2019; France supplied 16,034 kg of these products[2]. Because the category covers all prepared poultry meats, only a fraction represents foie gras, but it confirms that France is a supplier of prepared duck or goose liver products. Price data compiled by Tridge for imported frozen duck offal show that in 2023 the import price ranged from US$36.20/kg to US$53.87/kg, while in 2024 the range widened from US$3.22 to US$65.44/kg, indicating sharp volatility. Sample customs records from September 2024 show imports of “quick frozen raw duck foie gras” and sliced foie gras from Rougié (Euralis Gastronomie) shipped from France. Taken together, these figures suggest that Vietnam’s foie gras consumption is small and niche—probably in the tens of tonnes annually. The market is growing slowly thanks to rising incomes and tourism but remains far below European or Chinese consumption levels. Because consumption is restricted to high‑end outlets, per‑capita exposure is limited to affluent consumers and tourists.

Foie gras consumption in Vietnam is concentrated among wealthy urban residents, expatriates and foreign tourists. A market analysis of Vietnam’s foie gras sector characterises the market as “niche”, explaining that it caters to a small segment of affluent consumers who encounter foie gras in luxury hotels, fine‑dining restaurants and gourmet shops[3]. The analysis notes that demand is driven by the growing middle class and increasing interest in gourmet foods, but consumption remains limited to those with high disposable incomes[3]. Most Vietnamese still regard foie gras as an expensive foreign delicacy reserved for special occasions. In Ho Chi Minh City, the Executive Chef of a Marriott Bonvoy restaurant told local media that he enjoys cooking foie gras because it is famous; the restaurant serves pan‑seared foie gras atop crispy rice with tamarind fish sauce and parmesan foam, a dish patrons consider extravagant and often order for celebrations. Another article on Saigon’s fine‑dining scene notes that many diners reserve foie gras for special occasions but can find it in upscale restaurants around the city. Foreign visitors, especially French and other Western tourists, contribute to consumption through hotels and resort dining. Michelin‑listed restaurants such as La Maison 1888 in Da Nang incorporate foie gras into multi‑course tasting menus; the restaurant offers “pebble‑shaped foie gras en galets” alongside caviar and langoustine[4]. Vietnamese diners increasingly participate in these experiences, but the product remains largely symbolic of luxury and cosmopolitan taste rather than part of everyday cuisine.

Vietnam does not produce foie gras; the dish is fully reliant on imports. The EU–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) lists Canard à foie gras du Sud‑Ouest (South‑West French duck foie gras) among the European geographical indications protected in Vietnam[5], allowing French producers to market their foie gras under a recognised origin label. After outbreaks of avian influenza reduced domestic demand in Europe, French producers developed the Southeast Asian market and began exporting to Vietnam[1]. Industry reports cite La Belle France as a leading importer and distributor in Vietnam; the company sources foie gras from French producers and supplies high‑end hotels and restaurants[3]. VinGourmet, a premium food subsidiary of the Vietnamese conglomerate Vingroup, has introduced its own range of foie gras products[3]. Classic Fine Foods (a distributor of Rougié products) and gourmet retailers such as Annam Gourmet sell canned and frozen foie gras to wealthy consumers. Imports consist mainly of whole fresh/frozen livers and sliced foie gras shipped from France. Customs records cited by Tridge show shipments of “quick frozen raw duck foie gras” and “slices 60/80 g” from Rougié with expiry dates in 2025. These raw products allow chefs to sear or prepare terrines. Prepared forms (pâtés, mousses and canned foie gras) are also imported and sold through gourmet retailers. There is no evidence of re‑export; Vietnam is a consumption market, not a processing hub.

Vietnam’s foie gras market is small but profitable. Key players include: La Belle France – a specialised importer and distributor that sources foie gras from renowned French producers and supplies hotels, restaurants and gourmet shops[3]. VinGourmet – a premium arm of Vingroup; it imports foie gras and other high‑end foods and sells them under its own label[3]. Classic Fine Foods Vietnam – distributor of Rougié products, supplying raw and prepared foie gras to chefs and selling through its Classic Deli e‑commerce platform. These firms operate within the luxury hospitality supply chain. The main customers are five‑star hotels (Marriott, InterContinental), fine‑dining restaurants (La Villa, La Corto, La Maison 1888), and gourmet retailers. Prices are positioned at the ultra‑luxury end; a Rougié block of frozen foie gras sells for ~₫1.9 million (approx US$78) for 500 g (product pages), while dishes in restaurants range from $20 per serving to $170 for a bowl of pho. Foie gras appears as a star ingredient in tasting menus or signature dishes rather than a staple menu item. Demand is influenced by tourism and the expanding upper middle class. The 6Wresearch report notes that activism over animal‑welfare concerns and economic fluctuations pose challenges to market growth[3]. There is no evidence of “ethical” or alternative foie gras on sale, though chefs occasionally incorporate plant‑based or local liver pâtés as substitutes.

Foie gras in Vietnam is typically served in classic French preparations such as: Pan‑seared (áp chảo) – thick slices of duck or goose liver seared and served with fruit sauces or on crispy rice. At one Saigon restaurant, pan‑seared foie gras is accompanied by tamarind fish sauce and parmesan foam. Terrines and pâtés – chilled foie gras terrine or pâté, sometimes with truffles or cognac, appear on French restaurant menus and are sold in gourmet shops. Michelin‑listed La Villa offers pâté en croûte made with duck foie gras[6]. Foie gras en galets – La Maison 1888’s tasting menu includes foie gras shaped like pebbles (galets), demonstrating creative presentation[4]. Fusion dishes – high‑end Vietnamese chefs incorporate foie gras into bánh xèo, banh mi, pho, and crispy rice cakes, blending French techniques with local ingredients[10][11]. These dishes often pair foie gras with Vietnamese herbs, tamarind, or fish sauce to create a contrast between rich liver and acidic or spicy elements. Typical pairings include sweet wines (Sauternes), Champagne, or strong red wines, as well as baguette, brioche or Vietnamese bánh mi bread. Luxury menus may pair foie gras with caviar, wagyu beef, truffles, berries, or gold leaf to emphasise opulence[14].

Foie gras is framed as a symbol of French sophistication and luxury in Vietnam. Vietnamese travel magazine MIA.vn describes foie gras as the “quintessence of French gastronomy” that has become a delicacy of aristocrats in many countries; it is typically eaten with bread or roasted meats and evokes both reverence and debate because of its flavour and the complex process used to produce it[15]. The article explains that foie gras has a buttery, melt‑in‑the‑mouth texture and requires high culinary skill[16]. Restaurants and marketing materials emphasise origin and craftsmanship—menus highlight French regions (Perigord, Sud‑Ouest) and brand names like Rougié. The EVFTA’s recognition of Canard à foie gras du Sud‑Ouest enables marketers to use protected geographical indications to signal authenticity[5]. Descriptions rarely mention force‑feeding; instead, they focus on the product’s rich taste and luxurious heritage. Foie gras also serves as a status symbol in Vietnamese dining. Dishes like the US$100 bánh mi or US$170 pho are widely covered on social media; some diners praise the creativity and indulgence, while others criticise the exorbitant price and departure from traditional affordability[12]. Chefs justify these creations as a way to elevate Vietnamese cuisine and cater to adventurous diners seeking novel experiences. Animal‑welfare concerns are occasionally acknowledged. Vietnamese media articles about foie gras explain that the production process involves force‑feeding (gavage) and note that this is why some countries ban the product[17]. However, activism against foie gras consumption is minimal, and there are no significant domestic campaigns. Cultural narratives thus oscillate between admiration for French luxury and quiet awareness of ethical issues.

Advertising for foie gras in Vietnam is discreet and targeted. The product is marketed through: Menu descriptions in French or bilingual French–Vietnamese, emphasising origin (e.g., foie gras du Sud‑Ouest, Périgord) and preparation style (terrine, torchon). Luxury branding – gourmet retailers promote foie gras alongside truffles, caviar and fine wines. Social‑media posts by distributors like Classic Fine Foods Vietnam showcase Rougié foie gras and highlight festive occasions (Christmas, Lunar New Year). They rarely mention production methods but instead focus on pairing suggestions and exclusivity. Price and exclusivity – coverage of expensive dishes (bánh mi, pho) functions as indirect marketing by generating buzz about “the most expensive” Vietnamese foods[11][8]. Because foie gras is a luxury item, advertising tends to avoid mass media and appeals to connoisseurs through word‑of‑mouth, chef endorsements and curated online platforms.

Vietnam has no laws banning the production or sale of foie gras. The EVFTA protects certain French geographical indications but does not restrict imports[5]. As Vietnam does not produce foie gras domestically, there is no domestic animal‑welfare legislation specific to foie gras. Imports must meet Vietnam’s sanitary and phytosanitary requirements for animal products. During avian influenza outbreaks in Europe, Vietnamese authorities temporarily restricted imports of French duck products, but these measures were lifted as conditions improved, and imports resumed[1]. Public opinion toward foie gras is mixed but generally indifferent due to its niche status. A Vietnamese tourism article acknowledges that the process of force‑feeding ducks has led to bans in several countries and is criticised by animal‑welfare activists[17]. However, there have been no notable court cases, boycotts or legislative debates in Vietnam. Animal‑welfare NGOs focus on broader issues such as dog meat consumption and wildlife trade rather than foie gras.

Small but high‑margin market – Vietnam’s foie gras consumption is limited to elite consumers, so total volume is low (tens of tonnes per year) but per‑unit margins are high. The market could grow modestly as disposable incomes rise and tourism rebounds, yet it will remain niche. Reliance on imported supply – Because there is no domestic production, consumption is vulnerable to disruptions in French supply (e.g., avian influenza outbreaks) and to currency fluctuations. The EVFTA makes European foie gras more attractive through reduced tariffs and protected geographical indications[5]. Luxury hospitality drives demand – Fine‑dining restaurants, five‑star hotels and gourmet retailers sustain the market. Chefs use foie gras to signal sophistication and to attract affluent diners, often integrating it into fusion dishes like foie gras pho and bánh mi[11]. Tourism will continue to be a key driver. Cultural positioning vs ethical vulnerability – Foie gras is framed as a luxurious French delicacy, which appeals to status‑conscious consumers[15]. However, awareness of the force‑feeding process and global bans is slowly spreading[17]. If animal‑welfare activism gains traction in Vietnam, or if global campaigns influence tourist perceptions, demand could be sensitive. Potential pressure points – Rising interest in healthy or ethical eating, competition from other luxury ingredients (truffle, wagyu, caviar), and economic downturns could limit growth. Because the market is small, even minor shifts in import regulations or consumer sentiment could significantly affect consumption. In summary, foie gras in Vietnam remains a luxury‑occasional delicacy primarily imported from France and consumed by affluent locals, expatriates and tourists. The product’s presence in high‑end dining and its association with French heritage sustain its appeal, but its niche status and ethical controversies make the market fragile and highly dependent on cultural and economic trends. [1] Foie gras producing and importing countries: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly https://en.stopgavagesuisse.ch/post/foie-gras-producing-and-importing-countries-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly-1 [2] Vietnam Preparations of poultry (excl. turkey) imports by country | 2019 | Data https://wits.worldbank.org/trade/comtrade/en/country/VNM/year/2019/tradeflow/Imports/partner/ALL/product/160239 [3] Vietnam Foie Gras Market (2025-2031) | Trends, Outlook & Forecast https://www.6wresearch.com/industry-report/vietnam-foie-gras-market-outlook [4] 6 MICHELIN Dining Destinations Taking Vietnam’s Food Scene by Storm with Cashless Dining https://guide.michelin.com/vn/en/article/dining-out/6-michelin-dining-restaurants-cashless-dining-visa [5] the-food-and-beverage-market-entry-handbook-JW0125000ENN.pdf https://www.seve.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/the-food-and-beverage-market-entry-handbook-JW0125000ENN.pdf [6] La Villa – Ho Chi Minh City - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/ho-chi-minh/ho-chi-minh_2978179/restaurant/la-villa-1201811 [7] Restaurant Month 2024: 7 Fine-Dining Restaurants In Saigon You Shouldn’t Miss  | Vietcetera https://vietcetera.com/onboardy/restaurant-month-2024-7-fine-dining-restaurants-in-saigon-you-shouldnt-miss [8] [9] [14] This premium $170 bowl of pho has wagyu beef, foie gras and more https://nextshark.com/expensive-pho-vietnam-wagyu-beef-foi-gras [10] Nostalgic Nosh: Rising Chefs Challenge 2023 Revisits Childhood Vietnamese Classics | Vietcetera https://vietcetera.com/en/nostalgic-nosh-rising-chefs-challenge-2023-revisits-childhood-vietnamese-classics [11] The Origins Of The $100 Banh Mi | Vietcetera https://vietcetera.com/en/the-origins-of-the-100-banh-mi [12] The most expensive Vietnamese banh mi brands in Saigon https://vietnamnet.vn/en/the-most-expensive-vietnamese-banh-mi-brands-in-saigon-804388.html [13] Authentic Vietnamese cuisine: the top list https://www.tasteaway.pl/en/2013/11/28/authentic-vietnamese-cuisine-top-list/ [15] [16] [17] Foie Gras tinh hoa ẩm thực Pháp của giới thượng lưu https://mia.vn/cam-nang-du-lich/foie-gras-tinh-hoa-am-thuc-phap-14518